International Journal of Emerging Trends in Social Sciences

The nature and challenges of river policing: A study on Tangail region river police unit

Kona Akter, Nelufer Yesmen, Sanjana Islam — Wed, 05 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study examines the challenges faced by the Tangail River Police Unit in deterring river-based crimes such as illegal fishing, digging of sand, and smuggling in terms of understanding counterstrategies that will enhance the efficiency of law enforcement. A systematic quantitative study of 57 officers of mixed ranks was conducted, and Conflict Theory, Routine Activity Theory, and Resource Dependency Theory are utilized to structure the study to learn the socio-economic and structural determinants of such crimes. The report pinpoints severe challenges, including shortages of resources, inadequate training, and inadequate inter-agency coordination, that constrain the capacity of effective policing. The officers barely have necessary equipment and skills in crime detection and prevention, which impacts directly on the efficiency of law enforcement. Shortages of resources must be remedied, with more surveillance technology, training initiatives, and agency coordination to improve river security. The study identifies the paramount importance of investing in river policing facilities, urging policymakers to place top priority on resource allocation, training, and inter-agency coordination as a means of gaining more effective crime prevention and safe waterways for Bangladesh.

Dual exchange rate systems and food inflation in Nigeria: Does Unifying exchange rate matter?

Aminu Umaru, ADO Nuhu, Umar Yusuf — Wed, 05 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Access to foreign exchange (forex) has been a persistent challenge in Nigeria, leading to calls for exchange rate unification as a potential solution. This study examines the impact of dual exchange rates on food inflation in Nigeria. The study employs the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to analyze the relationship between various exchange rate measures and food inflation in Nigeria. Key variables include the Bureau De Change (BDC) exchange rate, unified exchange rate, exchange rate differentials, and the official exchange rate. The results indicate that the BDC exchange rate, unified exchange rate, and exchange rate differentials have a positive and significant impact on food inflation in both the short and long run. In contrast, the official exchange rate negatively affects food inflation but remains statistically insignificant over both periods. This implies that rising exchange rate differentials contribute to food price increases, albeit moderately under a unified exchange rate system. The study underscores the importance of exchange rate unification in stabilizing food prices. However, for effectiveness, legal backing and regulatory enforcement are necessary. Policymakers should implement forex market interventions to reduce exchange rate volatility, improve naira stability, and mitigate food inflation.